Judgement·24 Aug 2026
Nine judges, four votes: the Jai Bir Singh judgment on the definition of “industry”
State of U.P. v. Jai Bir Singh, 2026 INSC 897. Nine judges, five opinions, 489 pages — and the 1978 Bangalore Water Supply triple test survives untouched. Who wrote what, how the bench split, and why the rewritten test binds nobody.
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